領海基線 • 領海 • 鄰接區 • 專屬經濟海域
Baseline • Territorial Sea • Contiguous Zone • EEZ
海域分區是依《聯合國海洋法公約》（UNCLOS），從領海基線向外海劃出的一系列範圍：領海（12 浬）、鄰接區（24 浬）、專屬經濟海域（200 浬）。離岸越遠，沿海國的權利越有限、他國的自由越大。本站地圖可疊上基線與 12／24 浬範圍，但這些線是近似的分析輔助，並非官方法律劃界。
Maritime zones are a series of bands measured seaward from a territorial baseline under UNCLOS: the territorial sea (12 nm), contiguous zone (24 nm), and exclusive economic zone (200 nm). The farther offshore, the more limited the coastal state's rights and the greater other states' freedoms. This site can overlay the baseline and 12/24 nm bands, but those lines are an approximate analysis aid, not an official legal delimitation.
《聯合國海洋法公約》（UNCLOS）把海洋依「離岸距離」劃成數個法律地位不同的海域。一切的起點，是領海基線——通常沿用海岸的低潮線（正常基線），或在海岸破碎、外島眾多時，連接適當的點劃出直線基線。
關鍵在於：領海、鄰接區、專屬經濟海域的寬度，全都是從這條基線「向外海」量起，而不是從海岸線本身。越往外海，沿海國的權利越受限，他國的航行與鋪設電纜等自由則越大。
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) divides the ocean by distance from shore into bands with different legal status. The starting point is the territorial baseline — usually the low-water line along the coast (the normal baseline), or, where the coast is broken or fringed with islands, straight baselines joining appropriate points.
The key point: the widths of the territorial sea, contiguous zone, and EEZ are all measured seaward from this baseline, not from the shoreline itself. The farther out, the more limited the coastal state's rights and the greater other states' freedoms of navigation and cable-laying.
在本站的即時地圖上，可以選擇疊上領海基線與從基線外推的 12 浬（領海）、24 浬（鄰接區）範圍。這些圖層的用途是：
On this site's live map you can overlay the territorial baseline and the 12 nm (territorial sea) and 24 nm (contiguous zone) bands offset from it. These layers help you:
這一點必須說清楚：本站繪製的基線與 12／24 浬範圍，是依公開資料近似計算的視覺化圖層，目的在於幫助理解與風險研判，不是官方法律劃界。
真正的海域界線涉及精確的基點座標、相鄰國家間的協議與爭端，往往由官方海圖與條約決定。本站的線條可能與官方界線存在誤差，也不代表任何主權主張或邊界立場。把它當成「幫助你思考的參考格線」，而非「法律上的界碑」。
This must be said plainly: the baseline and 12/24 nm bands drawn here are an approximate visualization computed from public data, meant to aid understanding and risk assessment — not an official legal delimitation.
Real maritime boundaries involve precise basepoint coordinates, agreements and disputes between neighboring states, and are usually fixed by official charts and treaties. This site's lines may differ from official boundaries and imply no sovereignty claim or border position. Treat them as a "reference grid to think with," not a "legal boundary marker."
海域分區之所以重要，是因為船舶在哪個海域、做了什麼，決定了行為的法律意涵與可疑程度。外國船在公海航行稀鬆平常；但若在領海內無故低速徘徊、或在鄰接區與電纜路線附近反覆停留、又適逢 AIS 關閉，警戒層級就完全不同。
這也是灰色地帶手法的精妙之處：它常刻意游走在這些界線的模糊地帶，既不明顯越界，又持續製造壓力。把船舶軌跡與海域範圍疊圖，正是本站把「位置」轉化為「風險脈絡」的方式。
Maritime zones matter because where a ship is, and what it does there, determine the legal meaning and suspiciousness of its behavior. A foreign ship transiting the high seas is unremarkable; but loitering at low speed inside the territorial sea, or lingering repeatedly in the contiguous zone near a cable route with AIS switched off, is a completely different alert level.
That is the cleverness of gray-zone tactics: they often deliberately work the blurry edges of these lines, never plainly crossing over yet continuously applying pressure. Overlaying vessel tracks with the zones is exactly how this site turns "position" into "risk context."
本頁的海域法律定義以《聯合國海洋法公約》（UNCLOS）為準，並參考我國相關國內法：
map-data.js 的 territorialBasepoints），12／24 浬範圍以 offsetPolygonNm() 依海里外推後由 map-baseline.js 繪製。這是近似計算：未採用官方測地基準、未處理與相鄰國的重疊與爭議，誤差可達數浬。僅供視覺化與風險研判之用，非官方法律劃界，亦不代表任何主權或邊界主張。The legal definitions on this page follow the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), cross-referenced with the relevant domestic laws of Taiwan (ROC):
territorialBasepoints in map-data.js); the 12/24 nm bands are offset by nautical miles with offsetPolygonNm() and drawn by map-baseline.js. This is an approximation: it does not use an official geodetic datum and does not resolve overlaps or disputes with neighboring states, so it can be off by several nautical miles. It is for visualization and risk assessment only — not an official legal delimitation, and no sovereignty or border claim is implied.